Rujukan percuma

Formula Fizik SPM.

Semua formula sukatan KSSM Fizik Tingkatan 4 dan Tingkatan 5, disusun ikut bab. Setiap bab boleh terus ke latihan soalan — cara terbaik hafal formula ialah dengan menggunakannya.

43 formula ·12 bab ·English →

Tingkatan 4

Pengukuran

Latihan →

Mean
$\overset{x}{ˉ} = \frac{\sum x}{n}$
- $\overset{x}{ˉ}$ — mean value
- $n$ — number of readings
Relative deviation
$\frac{Δ x}{x ˉ} \times 100%$
- $Δ x$ — mean deviation

Tingkatan 4

Daya dan Gerakan I

Latihan →

Final velocity
$v = u + a t$
Displacement
$s = u t + \frac{1}{2} a t^{2}$
$v^2 = u^2 + 2as$
$v^{2} = u^{2} + 2 a s$
- $u$ — initial velocity
- $v$ — final velocity
- $a$ — acceleration
- $s$ — displacement
- $t$ — time
Newton's second law
$F = ma$
Momentum
$p = m v$
Impulse
$J = F t = Δ p$

Tingkatan 4

Graviti

Latihan →

Newton's law of gravitation
$F = G \frac{m _{1} m _{2}}{r ^{2}}$
- $G$ — gravitational constant, $6.67 \times 10^{-11}\ \text{N m}^2 \text{kg}^{-2}$
- $r$ — distance between centres
Gravitational field strength
$g = \frac{GM}{r ^{2}}$
Orbital velocity
$v = \frac{GM}{r}$
Escape velocity
$v_{e} = \frac{2 GM}{r}$

Tingkatan 4

Haba

Latihan →

Heat (specific heat capacity)
$Q = m c Δ θ$
- $Q$ — heat energy (J)
- $m$ — mass (kg)
- $c$ — specific heat capacity
- $Δ θ$ — temperature change
Heat (specific latent heat)
$Q = m L$
- $L$ — specific latent heat
Gas law: pressure & volume (Boyle)
$P V = constant$
- at constant temperature
Gas law: pressure & temperature (Gay-Lussac)
$\frac{P}{T} = constant$
Gas law: volume & temperature (Charles)
$\frac{V}{T} = constant$

Tingkatan 4

Gelombang, Bunyi dan Cahaya

Latihan →

Wave equation
$v = f λ$
- $v$ — wave speed
- $f$ — frequency
- $λ$ — wavelength
Period and frequency
$T = \frac{1}{f}$
Refractive index (Snell's law)
$n = \frac{sin θ _{1}}{sin θ _{2}}$
Critical angle
$sin θ_{c} = \frac{1}{n}$

Tingkatan 5

Daya dan Gerakan II

Latihan →

Equilibrium
$\sum F = 0$
Projectile (horizontal)
$x = u_{x} t$
Projectile (vertical)
$y = u_{y} t - \frac{1}{2} g t^{2}$

Tingkatan 5

Tekanan

Latihan →

Pressure
$P = \frac{F}{A}$
- $P$ — pressure (Pa)
- $F$ — force (N)
- $A$ — area ($\text{m}^2$)
Hydrostatic pressure
$P = ρ g h$
- $ρ$ — fluid density
- $h$ — depth
Pascal's principle
$\frac{F _{1}}{A _{1}} = \frac{F _{2}}{A _{2}}$
Archimedes / buoyancy
$F_{b} = ρ V g$

Tingkatan 5

Keelektrikan

Latihan →

Ohm's law
$V = I R$
- $V$ — voltage (V)
- $I$ — current (A)
- $R$ — resistance ($\Omega$)
Power
$P = V I = I^{2} R = \frac{V ^{2}}{R}$
Energy
$E = P t$
Charge
$Q = I t$
Resistors in series
$R_{T} = R_{1} + R_{2} + \dots$
Resistors in parallel
$\frac{1}{R _{T}} = \frac{1}{R _{1}} + \frac{1}{R _{2}} + \dots$

Tingkatan 5

Keelektromagnetan

Latihan →

Faraday's law of induction
$ε = - N \frac{d Φ}{d t}$
- $ε$ — induced emf
- $N$ — number of turns
- $Φ$ — magnetic flux
Transformer ratio
$\frac{V _{p}}{V _{s}} = \frac{N _{p}}{N _{s}} = \frac{I _{s}}{I _{p}}$
Transformer efficiency
$η = \frac{P _{s}}{P _{p}} \times 100%$

Tingkatan 5

Elektronik

Latihan →

Transistor current gain
$β = \frac{I _{C}}{I _{B}}$

Tingkatan 5

Fizik Nuklear

Latihan →

Mass-energy equivalence
$E = m c^{2}$
Radioactive decay
$N = N_{0} (\frac{1}{2})^{t / T_{1/2}}$
- $N_{0}$ — initial number of nuclei
- $T_{1/2}$ — half-life

Tingkatan 5

Fizik Kuantum

Latihan →

Energy of a photon
$E = h f$
- $h$ — Planck constant, $6.63 \times 10^{-34}\ \text{J s}$
Photoelectric equation
$E_{k} = h f - W$
- $W$ — work function
de Broglie wavelength
$λ = \frac{h}{p}$

Soalan lazim

Adakah formula ini ikut sukatan KSSM?

Ya — semua formula di sini diambil daripada sukatan Fizik Tingkatan 4 dan Tingkatan 5 KSSM. Kertas 2 SPM akan sediakan helaian formula semasa peperiksaan, tapi senarai ini berguna untuk latihan harian.

Adakah ia tepat?

Ya — formula ditulis ikut konvensyen buku teks SPM. Jika anda nampak sebarang kesilapan, sila laporkan dari mana-mana soalan latihan dan kami akan semak.

Adakah percuma?

Ya, percuma sepenuhnya. Tiada bayaran, tiada had harian.

Bagaimana cara latih formula ini?

Setiap bab ada butang "Latihan" — klik untuk terus ke soalan objektif yang gunakan formula tersebut. Cara terbaik hafal formula ialah dengan menggunakannya berulang kali.

Versi Bahasa Inggeris?

Boleh dapat di /spm-physics-formula-sheet. Formula adalah universal, hanya label diterjemah.

Hafal formula. Gunakan formula.

Latihan bab demi bab di QuizSprint, percuma.

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