Reading: Critical Analysis

Free sample questions

Reading: Critical Analysis — sample 英语 (English) questions with answers

1. Question 1

   Which of the following best defines a 'logical fallacy' in a critical analysis text?

   • AA flaw in reasoning that undermines the validity of an argument.
   • BA summary of the main points of a literary work.
   • CA persuasive technique using emotional appeal.
   • DAn objective observation based on scientific data.

   Answer: A. A flaw in reasoning that undermines the validity of an argument.

   A logical fallacy is a defect or error in reasoning that weakens an argument's overall structure and credibility.

2. Question 2

   When an author uses 'ad hominem' in an argument, they are doing which of the following?

   • AProviding empirical evidence to support a claim.
   • BAttacking the character of the opponent rather than addressing the argument itself.
   • CUsing statistical data like $x>5$ to prove a point.
   • DCiting a credible expert to bolster their stance.

   Answer: B. Attacking the character of the opponent rather than addressing the argument itself.

   Ad hominem is a fallacy where the arguer attacks the person instead of refuting the substance of the argument.

3. Question 3

   Which of the following describes 'bias' in a text?

   • AA neutral, objective overview of multiple perspectives.
   • BA disproportionate weight in favor of or against an idea or thing.
   • CA clear, concise definition of technical terms.
   • DThe use of $100\%$ factual evidence without interpretation.

   Answer: B. A disproportionate weight in favor of or against an idea or thing.

   Bias occurs when the writer lacks neutrality and shows a strong inclination toward a specific viewpoint.

4. Question 4

   What does the term 'stipulative definition' mean?

   • AA standard definition found in a dictionary.
   • BThe literal translation of a phrase.
   • CA definition assigned to a term by an author for a specific purpose in a text.
   • DThe historical evolution of a word's meaning.

   Answer: C. A definition assigned to a term by an author for a specific purpose in a text.

   A stipulative definition is one where the author explicitly defines how they intend to use a word throughout their argument.

5. Question 5

   If an author argues that a project is successful because $95\%$ of people enjoyed it, which type of evidence are they using?

   • AAnecdotal evidence.
   • BStatistical evidence.
   • CExpert testimony.
   • DHistorical precedent.

   Answer: B. Statistical evidence.

   Numerical data representing a portion of a group, like $95\%$, is classified as statistical evidence.