Environmental Sustainability

Free sample questions

Environmental Sustainability — sample Biology questions with answers

1. Question 1

   What is the meaning of environmental sustainability?

   • AExcessive use of natural resources for development
   • BResponsible use of natural resources to meet the needs of the present generation without compromising the needs of future generations
   • CPreservation of natural resources without any change
   • DElimination of all industrial activities

   Answer: B. Responsible use of natural resources to meet the needs of the present generation without compromising the needs of future generations

   Environmental sustainability means using resources wisely so that they can be enjoyed by future generations. Option B is the correct definition.

2. Question 2

   Which of the following gases is the main greenhouse gas released from the burning of fossil fuels?

   • A${\text{O}}_2$
   • B${\text{CO}}_2$
   • C${\text{N}}_2$
   • D$\text{Ar}$

   Answer: B. $\text{CO}_2$

   Burning fossil fuels produces ${\text{CO}}_2$, which is the main greenhouse gas. ${\text{O}}_2$, ${\text{N}}_2$ and $\text{Ar}$ are not greenhouse gases.

3. Question 3

   What is the main effect of air pollution on human health?

   • ASkin cancer
   • BRespiratory diseases such as asthma and bronchitis
   • CFood poisoning
   • DIncreased blood pressure

   Answer: B. Respiratory diseases such as asthma and bronchitis

   Air pollution such as fine particles and toxic gases irritates the respiratory tract and causes respiratory diseases. Skin cancer is related to UV radiation, not air pollution.

4. Question 4

   Excessive disposal of fertilisers from agricultural areas into rivers can cause a phenomenon known as

   • AGlobal warming
   • BOzone layer depletion
   • CEutrophication
   • DAcid rain

   Answer: C. Eutrophication

   Fertilisers rich in nitrates and phosphates cause excessive algal growth (eutrophication), which reduces oxygen in water and kills aquatic life.

5. Question 5

   Where is the ozone layer located?

   • ATroposphere
   • BStratosphere
   • CMesosphere
   • DThermosphere

   Answer: B. Stratosphere

   The ozone layer that protects the Earth from ultraviolet radiation is located in the stratosphere, at an altitude of approximately $15-35$ km.