Earth

Free sample questions

Earth — sample Science questions with answers

1. Question 1

   Which of the following atmospheric layers is where weather phenomena such as rain, wind, and snow occur at altitudes between $0\text{ km}$ and $12\text{ km}$?

   • AStratosphere
   • BTroposphere
   • CMesosphere
   • DThermosphere

   Answer: B. Troposphere

   The troposphere is the lowest atmospheric layer that contains most of the water vapour and dust, making it the layer where weather phenomena occur.

2. Question 2

   Which ocean zone is very dark, located beyond $200\text{ m}$ from the surface, and cannot be penetrated by sunlight, making it a habitat for animals with light-producing organs?

   • ASurface Zone (Photic Zone)
   • BMiddle Zone (Dysphotic Zone)
   • CDark Zone (Aphotic Zone)
   • DTidal Zone

   Answer: C. Dark Zone (Aphotic Zone)

   The Dark Zone (Aphotic Zone) is located at great depths (greater than $200\text{ m}$) where direct sunlight cannot reach, forcing organisms there to adapt by producing their own light (bioluminescence).

3. Question 3

   Which atmospheric layer contains a high concentration of ozone gas ($O_3$) to absorb harmful ultraviolet ($UV$) radiation from sunlight?

   • ATroposphere
   • BStratosphere
   • CMesosphere
   • DThermosphere

   Answer: B. Stratosphere

   The ozone layer is located in the stratosphere (between $12\text{ km}$ and $50\text{ km}$) and functions to absorb and filter ultraviolet ($UV$) radiation from the sun.

4. Question 4

   The Earth's physical system is divided into four main components. Which of the following pairings is correct about the Earth's physical components and their descriptions?

   • AHydrosphere – Covers the air zone surrounding the Earth
   • BGeosphere – Covers the water zone comprising seas, rivers, and lakes
   • CBiosphere – Covers the life zone consisting of humans, animals, and plants
   • DAtmosphere – Covers the rock and soil zone on the Earth's surface

   Answer: C. Biosphere – Covers the life zone consisting of humans, animals, and plants

   The biosphere is the component consisting of all living things on Earth. The hydrosphere is water, the geosphere is soil/rock, and the atmosphere is the air layer.

5. Question 5

   Rocks formed from the cooling and solidification of magma within the Earth's crust or lava on the Earth's surface are known as...

   • Aigneous
   • Bsedimentary
   • Cmetamorphic
   • Dfossil

   Answer: A. igneous

   Igneous rocks are formed directly from the cooling and solidification of magma (inside the Earth) or lava (that erupts onto the Earth's surface).